Makambani eUS semiconductor haakwanise kushandisa mari kuvaka mafekitori epamberi muChina kana kugadzira machipisi emusika weUS.
Makambani eUS semiconductor anotambira $280 bhiriyoni muCHIPS uye Science Act incentives acharambidzwa kudyara muChina.Nhau dzichangoburwa dzinouya zvakananga kubva kuMunyori weCommerce Gina Raimondo, akaudza vatori venhau kuWhite House nezuro.
CHIPS, kana kuti America's Semiconductor Manufacturing Favorable Incentives Act, inosvika madhora mabhiriyoni makumi mashanu nemaviri emadhora mazana maviri nemakumi masere emadhora uye chimwe chekuedza kwehurumende yekuyedza kumutsiridza kugadzira masemiconductor muAmerica, ayo ari kusarira kumashure kweTaiwan neChina.
Izvi zvapa kuti makambani ehunyanzvi ari kuwana mari yemubatanidzwa pasi pemutemo weCHIPS Act arambidzwe kuita bhizinesi neChina kwemakore gumi.Raimondo akatsanangura chiyero ichi se "fenzi yekuona kuti vanhu vanowana mari yeCHIPS havasi kuzotyisidzira kuchengetedzwa kwenyika."
"Havabvumidzwe kushandisa mari iyi kudyara kuChina, havagone kugadzira tekinoroji yepamberi muChina, uye havagone kutumira tekinoroji yazvino kunze kwenyika."“.mhedzisiro.
Kurambidzwa uku kunoreva kuti makambani haakwanise kushandisa mari iyi kuvaka mafekitori epamusoro muChina kana kugadzira machipisi emusika weUS munyika yekumabvazuva.Nekudaro, makambani etekinoroji anogona chete kuwedzera iwo aripo ekugadzira chip muChina kana zvigadzirwa zvakanangwa chete pamusika weChina.
"Kana vakatora mari vakaita chero cheizvi, isu tichadzosera mari," Raimondo akapindura kune mumwe mutori wenhau.Raimondo akasimbisa kuti makambani ekuAmerica akagadzirira kutevedzera kurambidzwa kwakatarwa.
Tsanangudzo uye zvakananga zvezvirambidzo izvi zvichasarudzwa naFebruary 2023. Zvisinei, Raimondo akajekesa kuti zano rose rinotarisana nekuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwenyika kweUnited States.Saka nekudaro, hazvizivikanwe kana makambani akatoisa mari kuChina uye akazivisa kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwemanode munyika anofanira kudzoka kubva kuzvirongwa zvavo.
"Tichahaya vanhu vanga vakaoma-mhino nhaurirano mubazi rakazvimirira, inyanzvi muindasitiri yesemiconductor, uye isu tichataurirana chibvumirano chimwe panguva uye tichinyatso kumanikidza makambani aya kuti atiratidze - tinoda kuti vazviite maererano nekuburitswa kwemari, varatidze kwatiri maererano nekudyara mari - varatidze kwatiri kuti mari yacho inodiwa kuita mari iyoyo. "
Kubva chidimbu chemutemo chisingawanzo, Chip Act, chakasainwa kuita mutemo muna Nyamavhuvhu, Micron yakazivisa kuti ichaisa madhora mabhiriyoni makumi mana emadhora mukugadzirwa kweUS pakupera kwemakore gumi.
Qualcomm neGlobalFoundries yakazivisa mubatanidzwa wemadhora mabhiriyoni mana nemazana maviri ekusimudzira kugadzirwa kwesemiconductor panzvimbo yekupedzisira yeNew York.Pakutanga, Samsung (Texas neArizona) uye Intel (New Mexico) yakazivisa mabhiriyoni emadhora ekudyara mumafekitori echip.
Pamadhora mabhiriyoni makumi mashanu neshanu emadhora akagoverwa kuChip Act, madhora mazana matatu nemakumi matatu emadhora anoenda kukusimudzira kugadzira, madhora bhiriyoni gumi nematatu anoenda kuR&D nekuvandudzwa kwevashandi, uye yasara madhora mazana mashanu emamiriyoni anoenda kune semiconductor yekugovera cheni zviitiko.Yakaunzawo 25 muzana yemutero wekudyara mutero pamari yekushandisa inoshandiswa kugadzira semiconductors nemichina yakabatana.
Sekureva kweSemiconductor Industry Association (SIA), kugadzira semiconductor iindasitiri yemadhora mazana mashanu nemakumi mashanu nemazana mapfumbamwe emadhora ichavhura hwindo idzva panosvika 2021, ine 34.6% ($192.5 bhiriyoni) yemari iyoyo inoenda kuChina.Nekudaro, vagadziri veChinese vachiri kuvimba neUS semiconductor dhizaini uye tekinoroji, asi kugadzira inyaya yakasiyana.Kugadzira semiconductor kunoda makore ekugovera cheni uye midziyo inodhura yakadai seyakanyanya ultraviolet lithography masisitimu.
Kuti vakunde matambudziko aya, hurumende dzekunze, kusanganisira hurumende yeChina, dzakabatanidza indasitiri uye dzakaramba dzichipa kukurudzira kwekugadzira chip, zvichikonzera kudzikira kweUS semiconductor kugadzira kugona kubva pa56,7% muna 2013 kusvika 43.2% muna 2021.Zvisinei, US chip production inotora 10 muzana chete yehuwandu hwenyika.
Iyo Chip Act uye yekuChina yekurambidza kudyara matanho akabatsirawo kusimudzira kugadzirwa kwechipi kweUS.Muna 2021, 56.7% yemakambani ekugadzira mabhesi eUS achave ari mhiri kwemakungwa, maererano neSIA.
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